Fig. 2

Functional Characteristics of TAM Subgroups in BC. A Scatter plot displaying the enrichment scores for M1- and M2-macrophage gene signatures across three TAM subsets. B GSEA heatmap illustrating the enrichment of specific gene sets in each TAM subgroup. Blue cells indicate no statistically significant enrichment, while red cells indicate statistically significant enrichment (P < 0.05). The number of asterisks within a cell denotes the level of statistical significance, with more asterisks corresponding to smaller P-values. The dendrogram on the left clusters gene sets based on their expression patterns across TAM subgroups, while the bar at the top indicates whether the enriched gene sets are upregulated or downregulated in each subgroup. C Density heatmap illustrating tumor-related functional activities enriched in different TAM subgroups. The color gradient represents the density of enrichment, with red indicating higher density and blue indicating lower density. The dashed lines represent statistical distribution summaries: the mean (solid black line), the 25th percentile, the 50th percentile (median), and the 75th percentile of the data for each subgroup. D Box plots showing stemness scores of different TAM subgroups. E Potential polarization trajectories of different macrophage subgroups inferred by Monocle 2. F Visualization of functional characteristics and gene changes in TAM subgroups among responders and non-responders using the ClusterGVis package