Table 2 Effects of metabolic pathways reprogramming on DCs function
From: A new era in melanoma immunotherapy: focus on DCs metabolic reprogramming
Metabolic Pathway | Author/ Year | Component | Impacts on DCs | References | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Hyperglycolysis | Niveau et al., 2024 | C-type lectin receptor interaction with glycan patterns | Aberrant glycans delay DC TLR signaling and anti-tumor responses, promoting tumor growth. | [85] | |
|  | Péguet-Navarro et al., 2003 | Ganglioside involvement | Reduction in CD1a, CD54, CD80, and CD40 levels leads to DC maturation blockade, resulting in increased IL-10 and decreased IL-12 levels. | [64] | |
| Â | Inamdar et al., 2023 | Glycolytic inhibitors | Enhance DC function, trigger high CTL responses, and support metabolite-based immunotherapy | [86] | |
Lipid Accumulation | Adamik et al., 2023 | Metabolic gene expression pathways, MCT1 (monocarboxylate transporter-1) | Lipid accumulation alters DC metabolism, increasing MCT1 expression and glycolysis while decreasing oxidative phosphorylation (OCR). These changes impair immunostimulatory potential and DC differentiation. | [84] | |
|  | Zhao et al., 2018 | Wnt5a-β-catenin-PPAR-γ signaling pathway | DCs stimulate fatty acid oxidation by modulating expression of carnitine palmitoyltransferase-1a (CPT1A), affecting immune responses. | [91] | |
|  | Matsushita et al., 2010 | MARCO membrane component | Upregulation in DCs pulsed with mouse tumor lysis (TP-DC) increases tumor migration; anti-MARCO antibody use reduces dendritic-like processes and alters IL-10, IL-12p70, and TNF-α production. | [93] | |
| Â | Zewdie et al., 2024 | MerTK expression | Overexpression in DCs linked to melanoma resistance against anti-PD-1 therapy | [94] | |
| Â | Costa silva C et al., 2024 | Intestinal microbiota interaction | Modifications in acylcarnitines, carboxylic acids, and fatty acids observed during nDC treatment. | [92] | |
Tryptophan Deprivation | Holtzhausen et al., 2023 | Melanoma-derived Wnt5a ligand | Upregulates the durable expression and activity of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase-1 (IDO) in local DCs, promoting Treg differentiation in an IDO-dependent manner. | [140] | Â |