The human microbiome: redefining cancer pathogenesis and therapy

Table 5 Abundance of microbiota in patients responding to immunotherapy

Cancer	Type of immunotherapy	Abundant microbes in responders	References
Melanoma	Anti-PD-1	Bifidobacterium longum, Collinsella aerofaciens, and Enterococcus faecium	[245]
	Anti-PD-1	Actinobacteria phylumand theLachnospiraceae/Ruminococcaceaefamilies of Firmicutes	[249]
	Anti-PD-1	Ruminococcaceae family	[129]
Hepatocellular carcinoma	Anti-PD-1 antibody	Akkermansiamuciniphila and Ruminococcaceae spp.	[250]
Epithelial tumors	Anti-PD-1	Akkermansiamuciniphila	[241]
Colorectal cancer	Regorafenib and Toripalimab	Fusobacteriota and decreased Proteobacteria phylum in non-responders	[251]
Gastrointestinal cancer	Anti-PD-1/PD-L1	Prevotella, Ruminococcaceae, and Lachnospiraceae	[252]
Lung cancer	Anti-PD-1 PD-L1 ICIs	Escherichia, Akkermansia, Shigella, Olsenella, Veillonelladispar, Neisseria, Faecalibacterium	[253,254,255]
	Anti‐PD‐1 antibodies	Desulfovibrio, Actinomycetales, Bifidobacterium, Odoribacteraceae, Anaerostipes, Rikenellaceae, Faecalibacterium, and Alistipes	[256]
	Anti‐PD‐1 antibodies	Alistipes putredinis, Bifidobacterium longum, Prevotella copri	[257]
	PD-1 inhibitor	Enterococcal prophage	[258]
Breast cancer	PD-1, PD-L1, ICIs	Bifidobacterium longum, Collinsela aerofacience	[241, 259]
Gastric cancer	PD-1, PD-L1	Prevotella, Ruminococcacea, Lachnospiracea	[252]
Glioblastoma	Viroimmunotherapy	Bifidobacterium and Akkermansiain treated mice	[260]

ISSN: 1475-2867